Type an object update with Partial.
Allow a caller to provide just the fields to change.
interface Settings { theme: string; retries: number; }
function update(current: Settings, patch: Partial<Settings>): Settings {
return { ...current, ...patch };
}
console.log(update({ theme: "dark", retries: 3 }, { retries: 5 }).retries);Expected output EXAMPLE
5
Details
Requires TypeScript and Node.js. Save as snippet.ts, compile with tsc --strict --target ES2022 --module commonjs snippet.ts, then run node snippet.js. Spread applies the patch after the original so supplied fields take precedence.
Tested on Ubuntu 24.04.5 LTS · · TypeScript 5.9.3; Node.js v18.19.1 · nodejs 18.19.1+dfsg-6ubuntu5
Test inputs, results and environment
The exact published code ran in a dedicated Linux test container with prepared inputs. Snippet process uid 65534 with a read-only root filesystem and temporary working files. Networking disabled. Fixtures and output records are isolated from the application database. Testing covers this example and its stated checks, not every input, operating system, or runtime version. The Linux container shares its host's kernel; this is not a native Windows test.
- Architecture / host kernel
- x86_64 / 6.18.54.1-microsoft-standard-WSL2
- Snippet identity / locale
- uid=65534, gid=65534 (unprivileged process) / C.UTF-8
- Interpreter invocation
tsc --strict --target ES2022 --module commonjs snippet.ts && node snippet.js- Container image ID
sha256:ec91410a8f6ec3e985830b5e3a0560306d36f8c1c5ccd91a6699abe707123fa3- Code SHA-256
ee4cb0233e496b4c0239b6b02804c4faa950f9106a580de8b89178115bdcd610- Dependencies
- nodejs 18.19.1+dfsg-6ubuntu5
Test input setup
These are the prepared inputs used by the test harness. See Details above for the prerequisites and how to run this example.
# No input files required.
Observed standard output
5
Exit code: 0. Standard error: empty. Validation: Exact stdout comparison. System-dependent values above are one recorded run.